Validation of CES-D8 among Czech university students during COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives: Due to the rise of depressive symptomatology especially among vulnerable populations such as young adults during the COVID-19 outbreak, a reliable measuring tool is needed. Because of the lack of such studies, the authors decided to validate the 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 8) among Czech university students capturing the beginning of lockdown experience. Statistical analyses: Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted and structural equation modelling with diagonally weighted least squares estimation using lavaan was employed. Different hypotheses about the dimensionality of the CES-D 8 scale were tested. The authors assessed the measurement equivalence of the CES-D 8 scale according to gender using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. The effect of socio-demographic and COVID-19 issues variables on depression was examined. Results: One dimensional model with correlated errors showed sufficient validity and therefore, the best fit. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis results revealed that the factor structure is invariant across gender. Women and those who reported financial distress and academic stress showed a higher level of depressive symptomatology. On the other hand, relationships proved to have a protective effect. Limitations: The sample came from an online survey, respondents were self-selected. There was a gender imbalance in the sample that cannot be explained by a higher number of women in the Czech university environment. Conclusions: The CES-D 8 proved to be a useful instrument for measuring depressed mood that opens further possibilities for depression research in the university environment and during pandemic situations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Czech) Cile: Vzhledem k narustu depresivni sympto-matologie behem pandemie covid-19 zejmena u zranitelnych skupin, jako jsou mladi dospeli, narostla potrebnost spolehliveho nastroje na mereni depresivity. Z duvodu chybejici validizace se autori rozhodli overit osmipolozkovou skalu Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 8) u ceskych vysokoskolskych studentu v dobe sameho pocatku pandemie. Statisticke analyzy: Byla provedena konfirmacni faktorova analyza za pouziti strukturniho modelovani metodou DWLS (diagonally weighted least squares) pomoci baliku laavan. Byly testovany ruzne hypotezy o dimenzionalite skaly CES-D 8. Pomoci MCFA (multigroup confirmatory factor analysis) autori posuzovali ekvivalenci mereni skaly CES-D 8 podle pohlavi. Byl zkouman vliv sociodemografickych promennych a promennych tykajicich se problematiky covid-19 na depresivni symptoma-tologii. Vysledky: Jednodimenzionalni model s korelo-vanymi rezidualnimi rozptyly u dvou polozek prokazal dostatecnou validitu a nejlepe odpovidal datum. Vysledky MCFA ukazaly, ze faktorova struktura zvoleneho modelu byla invariantni vzhledem k pohlavi. Zeny a osoby, ktere byly ve financni nouzi nebo prozivaly zvyseny stres ze studia, vykazovaly vyssi uroven depresivni symptomatologie. Naopak partnersky vztah se ukazal mit protektivni efekt. Limity prace: Vzorek pochazi z online pruzku-mu, respondenti byli vybrani samovyberem. Nadreprezentaci zen-studentek v datech nelze zduvodnit vyssim podilem zen na ceskych univerzitach. Zaver: CES-D 8 se ukazal byt uzitecnym nastro-jem pro mereni depresivity, jenz otevira dalsi moznosti pro vyzkum deprese v univerzitnim prostredi a behem pandemickych situaci. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Doc-Handler: Document Scanner, Manipulator, and Translator based on Image and Natural language processing

Physical documents may easily be converted into digital versions in the modern digital era by employing scanning software and the internet. The day when this activity needed printers and scanners is long gone. Nowadays, even our smartphones and cameras may be used to quickly convert paper documents into digital ones. This is especially useful in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, where the ability to share and access documents online is more important than ever. This study proposes an application for illiterate people to quickly translate scanned papers or photos into their native language and save them in a digital format. The Application makes use of image processing methods and has capabilities including PDF conversion, image colour adjustment, cropping, and Optical Character Recognition (OCR). A user-friendly application, developed using the Flutter Framework and programmed in Python and Dart, serves as the interface for the system. The proposed application is cross-platform and works with a variety of gadgets. This method intends to increase accessibility and productivity for illiterate people in the digital age by integrating image processing with language translation. © 2023 IEEE.

Acute Stress among Nurses in Sweden during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sweden was hit hard in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic with deaths per capita among the highest in Europe. The pandemic was a stressful time especially for healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients. Various studies have evaluated whether nurses caring for these patients had higher levels of acute stress, but typically with measures that either used older DSM-IV criteria for Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) or general measures of acute stress. We recruited an online sample (N = 101) of nurses in Sweden from COVID-19 specialized units (ICU), Emergency (ER), and other units (Other), and asked them to answer questionnaires retrospectively to the peak of infections in Sweden. We aimed to evaluate: 1) the psychometric properties of the translation of the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire-II (SASRQ-II, which follows DSM-5 criteria for ASD) into Swedish, 2) whether nurses in COVID-19 units had experienced more acute stress than nurses in other units, and 3) the extent of potential acute stress disorder. The SASRQ-II evidenced good construct, convergent and divergent validity, and good reliability. It showed that ICU nurses reported significantly more acute stress than the other two groups, a difference that could not be accounted for by demographic or other variables. A retrospective diagnosis of ASD using the SASRQ-II suggested that 60% of nurses might have fulfilled ASD criteria, but no differences across groups were found. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

How can employees break free from helplessness in critical work incidents?

Critical incidents, defined as traumatic time-limited events, often happen unexpectedly, and have largely impacted employees in many ways. In this study, we apply the conservation of resources theory as our overarching framework to examine whether and when employees involved in a critical work incident would experience helplessness at work, which may consequently spill over into the life domain and negatively impact their well-being. Taking the COVID-19 as a typical example of critical incidents, we collected multiwave data from 765 Chinese doctors. The results showed that perceived COVID-19 event strength is positively related to doctors' helplessness at work, which further negatively impacts their presence of meaning in life. Besides, meaningful work exacerbates the effect of perceived COVID-19 event strength on doctors' helplessness, while social support and psychological detachment reduce the negative impact of helplessness on their presence of meaning in life. Our study calls attention to protection of the mental health and psychological well-being of employees faced with critical incidents at work and their psychological recovery, and sheds light on the effectiveness of social support and psychological detachment as resource replenishing mechanisms, while cautions against further emphasizing work meaningfulness to employees confronted with a highly novel, disruptive, and critical work event. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

COVID stress scales: The psychosocial impact of COVID-19 in Latinos/as

The COVID-19 pandemic is linked to a rise in mental health problems and the consequent devastating impact on social, political and health pillars. Puerto Rico has been no exception, including an aggressive and restrictive quarantine period, and several thousands of deaths attributed to the virus. The aim of this investigation is to examine the reliability and convergent validity of the Spanish version of the COVID Stress Scale (CSS). The CSS is a robust instrument to measure stress related to fears of being exposed to the virus and to the deleterious consequences in the lifestyle of the individual. Participants were 416 persons who completed an online survey that included the CSS and the assessment of depressive and anxiety symptoms. We examined itemlevel characteristics, factor structure and the convergent validity of the scales. The results support the five-factor structure of the CSS, excellent internal reliability, and convergent validity with scales of anxiety and depression. Overall, the Spanish version of the CSS provide a reliable and valid assessment of the new proposed COVID stress syndrome. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) Abstract (Spanish) La pandemia del COVID-19 ha estado asociada a un incremento en problemas de salud mental y al devastador impacto en pilares sociales, politicos y de salud publica. Puerto Rico no ha sido la excepcion, incluyendo un periodo riguroso restrictivo de salidas fuera del hogar y varias miles de muertes atribuidas al virus. El proposito de esta investigacion es examinar la confiabilidad y validez convergente de la version en espanol de la Escala de Estres de COVID (EEC). Participaron 416 personas que completaron una encuesta en linea que incluia la EEC y la evaluacion de sintomas de depresion y ansiedad. Examinamos caracteristicas a nivel de itemes, la estructura factorial y la validez convergente de las diversas escalas. Los resultados apoyan una estructura de cinco factores en la EEC, confiabilidad interna excelente, y validez convergente con las escalas de depresion y ansiedad. En general, la version en espanol de la EEC provee una evaluacion confiable y valida del nuevo sindrome de estres de COVID. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

University students' life stressors and mental health in Georgia and German-speaking Switzerland: Exploring the role of fatalism, sense of coherence, cross-cultural coping, and help-seeking

Background: The university years are associated with a variety of stressors, and recently, COVID-19 has presented an additional burden on students' mental well-being. As mental health manifestations of stressors may differ between countries, this study compared students from Switzerland and the Republic of Georgia regarding the burden of stressors and the role of potentially culture-dependent risk and protective factors of mental health (i.e., help-seeking, cross-cultural coping, fatalism, sense of coherence). Method: We assessed two samples of university students in Georgia (N = 425) and German-speaking Switzerland (N = 298), using a cross-sectional design. Quantitative data were collected with online questionnaires during the third wave of the pandemic. Mental health screenings included measures of depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorder. Results: General life- and COVID-19-related stress levels were higher in Georgia than in Switzerland. Georgian students experienced more adjustment disorder symptoms but lower levels of depression and anxiety. While Swiss students reported more protective factors (formal and informal help-seeking, sense of coherence), Georgian students experienced more risk factors (fatalism and avoidance coping). Despite significant correlations between potentially culture-dependent risk and protective factors and mental health, few associations remained significant above and beyond the impact of general life stress. Conclusions: The high prevalence of stressors and adjustment disorder symptoms and risk factors for mental health among Georgian students illustrates a potential need for psychosocial support with stress management. The cross-cultural applicability of Western models of student mental health services should be evaluated. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement The agenda of global mental health calls for addressing prevention and quality gaps, although achieving this aim is not possible if the divergent needs of specific populations, among them young people, are not studied and considered. This study explores the mental health stressors and needs of university students and compares Swiss and Georgian students' potentially culture-dependent risk and protective factors. Needs-based tailored interventions could be developed based on the findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

"The role of self-evaluation in predicting attitudes toward supporters of COVID-19-related conspiracy theories: A direct and a conceptual replication of Cichocka et al. (2016)": Corrigendum

Reports an error in "The role of self-evaluation in predicting attitudes toward supporters of COVID-19-related conspiracy theories: A direct and a conceptual replication of Cichocka et al. (2016)" by Birte Siem, Benedikt Kretzmeyer, and Stefan Sturmer (Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology, 2021[Oct][30], Vol 15[18344909211052587]). In the originally published article, an author name was mentioned incorrectly in the title and on page 4. It should be Cichocka instead of Cichoka. The name appears correctly in this and the original record. The online version of the paper has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2022-98928-001). We examined the role of people's self-evaluation in predicting their attitudes toward supporters of COVID-19-related conspiracy theories by replicating and extending the findings of a study by Cichocka et al. (2016, Study 3) in two preregistered studies (total N = 1179). Study 1, a direct replication, confirmed that narcissism and self-esteem-two different sources of people's self-evaluation-differentially predicted their beliefs in a series of well-known conspiracy theories (not related to COVID-19), and served as mutual suppressor variables. Specifically, narcissism was positively related and self-esteem was negatively related to conspiracy beliefs, especially when the respective other predictor was controlled for. Study 2 extended Cichocka's and our Study 1's findings by testing the differential role of self-esteem and narcissism in predicting a COVID-19-specific criterion. Specifically, we focused on people's rejection of supporters of COVID-19 conspiracy theories, a criterion we deem particularly important in curtailing the spread of these theories. Results were generally in line with previous findings, but effects were substantially weaker. As suggested by exploratory analyses, this might be due to the fact that the overall rejection of supporters measure comprises not only items capturing rejection of supporters but also items capturing low beliefs in conspiracy theories. These two distinct components differentially related to self-esteem and narcissism: the differential role of self-esteem and narcissism could only be replicated for the "low belief" subcomponent (thus replicating findings from the original study and from Study 1) but not for the "rejection of supporters" subcomponent. The present work thus contributes to recent research suggesting that low belief in conspiracy theories and the rejection of their supporters might be qualitatively different responses with unique antecedents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

The role of self-evaluation in predicting attitudes toward supporters of COVID-19-related conspiracy theories: A direct and a conceptual replication of Cichocka et al. (2016)

[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 15[18344909211064802] of Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology (see record 2022-98922-001). In the originally published article, an author name was mentioned incorrectly in the title and on page 4. It should be Cichocka instead of Cichoka. The name appears correctly in this record. The online version of the paper has been corrected.] We examined the role of people's self-evaluation in predicting their attitudes toward supporters of COVID-19-related conspiracy theories by replicating and extending the findings of a study by Cichocka et al. (2016, Study 3) in two preregistered studies (total N = 1179). Study 1, a direct replication, confirmed that narcissism and self-esteem-two different sources of people's self-evaluation-differentially predicted their beliefs in a series of well-known conspiracy theories (not related to COVID-19), and served as mutual suppressor variables. Specifically, narcissism was positively related and self-esteem was negatively related to conspiracy beliefs, especially when the respective other predictor was controlled for. Study 2 extended Cichocka's and our Study 1's findings by testing the differential role of self-esteem and narcissism in predicting a COVID-19-specific criterion. Specifically, we focused on people's rejection of supporters of COVID-19 conspiracy theories, a criterion we deem particularly important in curtailing the spread of these theories. Results were generally in line with previous findings, but effects were substantially weaker. As suggested by exploratory analyses, this might be due to the fact that the overall rejection of supporters measure comprises not only items capturing rejection of supporters but also items capturing low beliefs in conspiracy theories. These two distinct components differentially related to self-esteem and narcissism: the differential role of self-esteem and narcissism could only be replicated for the "low belief" subcomponent (thus replicating findings from the original study and from Study 1) but not for the "rejection of supporters" subcomponent. The present work thus contributes to recent research suggesting that low belief in conspiracy theories and the rejection of their supporters might be qualitatively different responses with unique antecedents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

The role of collaboration in complying with COVID-19 health protective behaviors: A cross-national study

On March 11, 2020 COVID-19 was declared a pandemic. As the virus spread, governments called on citizens to comply with handwashing and social distancing behaviors. We use survey data from Finland and the United States to examine whether collaborative dimensions help predict compliance with health protective behaviors related to combatting COVID-19. We also investigate whether these factors' influence on compliance varies between a market regime such as the United States and a more statist regime such as Finland. Our findings provide important insight for public administrators in crafting messages to the public that emphasize citizens' collaborative role in combatting a pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Managerial capabilities and strategic renewal in family firms in crisis situations: The moderating role of the founding generation

This study examines whether founding generation managed family firms are capable of responding proactively to the COVID-19 disruption via firm renewal. We used a unique global COVID-19 crisis specific survey dataset comprising of 2,130 family firm observations. Our findings indicate that in comparison to the later generations, founding generation-managed family firms only do better at strategic renewal as a response to the crisis when they have sufficient managerial capabilities. Our study recommends that family businesses, especially those managed by the founding generations should emphasize managerial capabilities rather than merely focusing on socioemotional wealth (SEW) when deciding on crisis coping strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Language Planning in Action: Depiction as a Driver of New Terminology in Irish Sign Language

In this paper, we examine the linguistic phenomenon known as 'depiction', which relates to the ability to visually represent semantic components (Dudis, 2004). While some elements of this have been described for Irish Sign Language, with particular attention to the 'productive lexicon' (Leeson and Grehan, 2004;Leeson and Saeed, 2012;Matthews, 1996;O'Baoill and Matthews, 2000), here, we take the analysis further, drawing on what we have learned from cognitive linguistics over the past decade. Drawing on several recently developed domain-specific glossaries (e.g., Science Technology Engineering Math1 (STEM), Covid-192, political domain, Sexual, Domestic and Gender Based Violence (SDGBV)-related vocabulary) we present ongoing analysis indicating that a deliberate focus on iconicity, in particular, elements of depiction, appears to be a primary driver. We also outline some potential implications from Deaf-led glossary development work in the context of Machine Translation goals, for example, for work in progress on the Horizon 2020 funded SignON project. © European Language Resources Association (ELRA), licensed under CC-BY-NC 4.0.

FGraDA: A Dataset and Benchmark for Fine-Grained Domain Adaptation in Machine Translation

Previous research for adapting a general neural machine translation (NMT) model into a specific domain usually neglects the diversity in translation within the same domain, which is a core problem for domain adaptation in real-world scenarios. One representative of such challenging scenarios is to deploy a translation system for a conference with a specific topic, e.g., global warming or coronavirus, where there are usually extremely less resources due to the limited schedule. To motivate wider investigation in such a scenario, we present a real-world fine-grained domain adaptation task in machine translation (FGraDA). The FGraDA dataset consists of Chinese-English translation task for four sub-domains of information technology: autonomous vehicles, AI education, real-time networks, and smart phone. Each sub-domain is equipped with a development set and test set for evaluation purposes. To be closer to reality, FGraDA does not employ any in-domain bilingual training data but provides bilingual dictionaries and wiki knowledge base, which can be easier obtained within a short time. We benchmark the fine-grained domain adaptation task and present in-depth analyses showing that there are still challenging problems to further improve the performance with heterogeneous resources. © European Language Resources Association (ELRA), licensed under CC-BY-NC-4.0.

COVID stress scales: The psychosocial impact of COVID-19 in Latinos/as

(Spanish) La pandemia del COVID-19 ha estado asociada a un incremento en problemas de salud mental y al devastador impacto en pilares sociales, politicos y de salud publica. Puerto Rico no ha sido la excepcion, incluyendo un periodo riguroso restrictivo de salidas fuera del hogar y varias miles de muertes atribuidas al virus. El proposito de esta investigacion es examinar la confiabilidad y validez convergente de la version en espanol de la Escala de Estres de COVID (EEC). Participaron 416 personas que completaron una encuesta en linea que incluia la EEC y la evaluacion de sintomas de depresion y ansiedad. Examinamos caracteristicas a nivel de itemes, la estructura factorial y la validez convergente de las diversas escalas. Los resultados apoyan una estructura de cinco factores en la EEC, confiabilidad interna excelente, y validez convergente con las escalas de depresion y ansiedad. En general, la version en espanol de la EEC provee una evaluacion confiable y valida del nuevo sindrome de estres de COVID. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

A study of machine translation for Vietnamese and Korean on the TED Talks 2020 corpus

Vietnam has achieved impressive economic growth in the last two decades. It becomes a worth investing country in the area. Consequently, the need of understanding foreign investors from different countries (S. Korea in specific) is an essential issue. Therefore, building an automatic machine translation system with high precision is a necessary solution, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, where keeping distance is the best way to avoid spreading the virus. As a result, this research presents some experimental results on the TED Talks 2020 dataset for the task Korean - Vietnamese and Vietnamese - Korean machine translation with the purpose of providing an overview of the dataset and a deep learning machine translation model for the problem. © 2022 IEEE.

Towards Readability-Controlled Machine Translation of COVID-19 Texts

This project investigates the capabilities of machine translation (MT) models for generating translations at varying levels of readability, focusing on texts about COVID-19. Funded by the European Association for Machine Translation and by the Centre for Advanced Computational Sciences at Manchester Metropolitan University, we collected manual simplifications for English and Spanish texts in the TICO-19 dataset, and assessed the performance of neural MT models in this new benchmark. Future work will implement models that jointly translate and simplify, and develop suitable evaluation metrics. © 2022 The authors.

Analysis of Language Translations of State Governments' Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Websites.

Introduction: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination campaign, non-English-communicating individuals have faced inequities in access to resources for vaccine education and uptake. We characterized the language translation status of states' COVID-19 vaccine websites to inform discussion on the sufficiency of translated information and strategies for expanding the availability of multilingual vaccine information. Methods: We identified the primary COVID-19 vaccine website for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the federal government ("jurisdictions") and determined the languages into which information about obtaining the vaccine (access) and vaccine safety and efficacy had been translated, as of October 2021. We compared these findings with data from the American Community Survey to determine how many individuals had these online resources available in their primary language. Results: Only 56% of jurisdictions provided professionally translated information about COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy, and only 50% provided professionally translated information about how to register for or obtain the COVID-19 vaccine, in at least one language. Consequently, ∼26 million Americans may not have accurate vaccine safety and efficacy information available, and ∼29 million Americans may not have vaccine access information available, from their jurisdiction in their primary language. Furthermore, translated information often was limited in scope and/or number of languages provided. Conclusion: Translation of COVID-19 vaccine information on state government websites currently is insufficient to meet the needs of non-English-communicating populations. This analysis can inform discussions about resource needs and operational considerations for adequate provision of multilingual, critical health information.

Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Turkish version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale

Coronavirus pandemic caused anxiety in public. Therefore, this anxiety should be identified quickly. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of Coronavirus Anxiety Inventory (CAS), which determines the anxiety associated with the COVID-19 crisis. The research sample consists of 904 participants from 56 provinces of Turkey. Participants' age ranged from 17 to 71. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good unidimensional structure with a Turkish sample. The correlation between the CAS Turkish version and the Burnout Scale (0.39 p < 0.01) is significant as the convergent validity. Also, correlation between the CAS Turkish version and the Brief Resilience Scale (-0.23 p < 0.01) is significant as the discriminant validity. The internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's Alpha) was found 0.81. As a result of the Item Discrimination analysis, it was seen that each of the 5 items was discrimination at the desired level. The item-total correlation values in the scale ranged from 0.73 to 0.79. Overall findings showed that the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale were sufficient. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Turkish) Koronavirus pandemisi toplumda endiseye neden oldu. Bu nedenle bu kaygi hizla tespit edilmelidir. Bu calisma COVID-19 krizi ile iliskili anksiyeteyi belirleyen Koronavirus Anksiyete Olcegi'nin (KAO) Turkce versiyonunun psikometrik ozelliklerini incelemeyi amaclamaktadir. Arastirma orneklemi Turkiye'nin 56 farkli ilinden 904 katilimcidan olusmaktadir. Katilimcilarin yaslari 17-71 arasinda degismektedir. Acimlayici ve dogrulayici faktor analizi, Turk orneklemi ile iyi bir tek boyutlu yapi ortaya koymustur. KAO Turkce versiyonunun benzerlik gecerliligi icin kullanilan Tukenmislik Olcegi ile iliskisi (0.39 p<0,01) anlamlidir. Ayrica KAO Turkce versiyonunun ayirtedici gecerliligi icin kullanilan Kisa Psikolojik Saglamlik Olcegi (-0,23 p<0,01) arasindaki iliskisi anlamlidir. Ic tutarlilik katsayisi (Cronbach's Alpha) 0.81 olarak bulunmustur. Madde Ayirt edicilik analizi sonucunda bes maddenin her birinin istenilen duzeyde ayirt edici oldugu gorulmustur. Olcekte madde-toplam korelasyon degerleri 0.73 ile 0.79 arasinda degismektedir. Genel bulgular, Koronavirus Anksiyete Olcegi'nin Turkce versiyonunun psikometrik ozelliklerinin yeterli oldugunu gostermistir. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Adaptation of the Fear of 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Scale to Turkish culture: A validity and reliability study

COVID-19 outbreak in the world has caused wide psychological effects and related concerns. Nonetheless, only a few studies have thus far evaluated the degree of fear of COVID-19, partially due to the lack of validated measures. This study was planned and conducted to study of the "Fear of COVID-19 Scale" adapted to Turkish culture which to measure level of fear of adult individuals Coronavirus Disease and developed by Ahorsu et al. (2020). In the study, over 18 years old adults has been achieved through a online questionnaire form who living in Turkey. 839 individuals were analyzed. In the first part of the questionnaire form, demographic features were questioned, and in the second part, Fear of COVID-19 Scale was applied. The scale is five-item Likert type consisting of 7 questions. Whether there is a correlation between the items that is a prerequisite for the study factor analysis was examined by Bartlett Sphericity Test (x2 = 2770.755, p< 0.001) and the adequacy of the sample size was examined by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO = 0.926). Accordingly, the results show that the sample size is sufficient. The level of internal consistency between items of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale was analyzed with item total correlations (>0.5) and Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficients (0.874). As a result of the analyzes, the adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale to Turkish is robust and can be used in research assessing the psychological impact of COVID-19 among a Turkish adult population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Turkish) Kovid-19 salgini dunyada genis psikolojik etkilere ve iliskili sorunlara yol acmistir. Bununla birlikte bugune kadar cok az calisma, kismen valide edilmis calismalarin eksikligi nedeniyle salginin neden oldugu korkuyu degerlendirmistir. Bu arastirmada yetiskin bireylerin Kovid-19 salginina bagli korku duzeyini olcmek icin Ahorsu ve ark. (2020) tarafindan gelistirilen "Kovid-19 Korku Olcegi"nin gecerlik ve guvenirlik calismasinin yapilmasi ve Turk kulturune uyarlanmasi amaclanmistir. Turkiye'de yasayan 18 yas uzeri yetiskin bireylere online anket yoluyla ulasilmistir. Toplamda 839 bireyin verileri analiz edilmistir. Anketin ilk bolumunde demografik ozellikler sorgulanmis, ikinci bolumunde Kovid-19 Korku Olcegi uygulanmistir. Olcek yedi sorudan olusan 5'li Likert tiptedir. Calisma faktor analizinin on kosulu olan maddeler arasi korelasyon olup olmadigi Bartlett Kuresellik testi (x 2 =2770,755, p<0,001) ile orneklem buyuklugunun yeterliligi ise Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO=0,926) ile incelenmistir. Buna gore sonuclar orneklem buyuklugunun yeterli oldugunu gostermektedir. Kovid-19 Korku Olceginin maddeler arasinda ic tutarliliginin ne duzeyde oldugu madde toplam korelasyonlari (>0,5) ve Cronbach alpha ic tutarlilik katsayilari ile (0,874) incelenmis ve olcegin butunu Kovid-19 salginina bagli korku durumunu yansittigi belirlenmistir. Yapilmis analizler sonucunda yetiskin bireylerde Kovid-19 nedeniyle gelisen korku duzeyini olcmek icin uygundur ve bu olcegin Turkce formunun gecerli ve guvenilir oldugu saptanmistir. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Turkish Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Validity and reliability study for children and adolescents

Objective: The number of publications reporting anxiety and fear about the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) continues to grow;however, the psychometric tools available to assess a Turkish population are insufficient to measure the relevant mental health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and to analyze the validity and reliability in children and adolescents. Method: The study sample consisted of 381 children aged 10-18 years. Cronbach's alpha internal consistency analysis was used to evaluate the scale's reliability, and the criterion validity was assessed with the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale- Child (RCADS-C) subscale scores. The construct validity of the scale was examined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient calculated to determine the scale's reliability was alpha=0.88. The corrected total item test correlation values of the items varied between 0.63 and 0.68. Exploratory factor analysis determined that the factor load of the scale items was 0.73-0.77 and that there was only one factor with an eigenvalue >1. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the fit indices were acceptable. Conclusion: These findings show that the Turkish version of the FCV-19S is a valid and reliable measurement tool for use with children and adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

AI in Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games

Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing a driving role in empowering and safeguarding Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games. The power of AI ranges from improving player training, coaching and performance scoring, supporting language translation and communication, athlete and audience services, and catering, to enabling security, and COVID-19 and epidemic prevention.